Managing Cucurbit Mildews: New Challenges and New Opportunities
نویسنده
چکیده
There are two mildew diseases affecting cucurbit crops: powdery mildew and downy mildew. Both fungal pathogens produce wind-dispersed spores that can be moved long distances, thus they cannot be avoided. Fungicides and resistant varieties have been important for managing these diseases. Unfortunately, both pathogens have demonstrated ability to evolve new strains that are not controlled as effectively as the previous ones by a specific fungicide or plant resistant gene. Pathogen adaptation to fungicides and resistant varieties is a major challenge to effectively managing these important diseases. An integrated program with an alternation amongst targeted (single site mode of action) fungicides applied to resistance varieties is recommended to minimize selection pressure for pathogen strains able to overcome either plant resistance genes or fungicides, and to maximize control. It is important to recognize that the primary goal is to slow selection of a new pathogen strain rather than to manage it once it has reached a high enough proportion in the pathogen population that can affect control; therefore, management needs to be implemented beginning when each new fungicide or resistance gene becomes commercially available. There is a table available on-line to assist with fungicide selection for the mildew diseases at http://www.northeastipm.org/ipm_resource_detail.cfm?id=6820.
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